Vector analysis: Vector representation in rectangular, cylindrical and Spherical coordinate system. Static electric field: postulates of electrostatics, Coulomb’s law for discrete and continuously distributed charges, Gauss’s law and its application, electric potential due to charge distribution, conductors and dielectrics in static electric field, flux density - boundary conditions capacitance - electrostatic energy and forces, energy in terms of field equations, capacitance calculation of different geometries; boundary value problems — Poisson’s and Laplace’s equations in different co-ordinate systems. Steady electronic current: Ohm’s law, continuity equation, Joule’s law, resistance calculation.
Static Magnetic Field: postulates of magnetostatics, Biot-Savart’s law, Ampere’s law and applications vector magnetic potential, magnetic dipole, magnetization, magnetic field intensity and relative permeability, boundary conditions for magnetic field, magnetic energy, magnetic forces, torque and inductance of different geometries. Electromagnetic fields: Time varying fields and Maxwell’s equations: Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction, Maxwell’s equations - differential and integral forms, boundary conditions, potential functions; time harmonic fields and Poynting theorem, Retarded potentials. Plane electromagnetic wave propagation: plane wave in loss less media - Doppler effect, transverse electromagnetic wave, polarization of plane wave; plane wave in lossy media, low-loss dielectrics, good conductors; group velocity, instantaneous and average power densities, normal and oblique incidence of plane waves at plane boundaries for different polarization, Transmission line analogy. Radio wave propagation: plane wave propagation through ionosphere and ground wave propagation. Effect of earth curvature on propagation.