● Production and Business Operations Concepts: types, factors, functions, planning & production
system, operations history & associated elements, inputs transformation processes, basic tools &
techniques of production management, distinguish product, service, core services and value-
added services, etc.
● Capacity and Planning: Inputs to MRP, MRP vs. MRP-II, capacity, productivity, efficiency,
utilization, design capacity, effective capacity (EC), determinants of EC, capacity decision
factors-planning-control, options and techniques for aggregate planning, etc.
● Capacity Alternative & Sustainability of Entrepreneur: balancing of demand & capacity,
adjusting demand-output, Financial Analysis - Payback period, NPV & IRR, and breakeven point.
● Job Design and Work Measurement: Job structure & design decisions,Physical issue–physiology
& ergonomics, work methods and measurement– vital issues and techniques (OT/ST/NT, SET,
PDTS, etc.), and compensation systems & incentive plans, AF & PFD.
● Facility Location: product vs. service facility, factors affecting location decisions, plant and
service location methods- factor rating, centre of gravity and ardalan heuristic, etc.
● Facility Layout: types of layout, product-Process design, process layout (U-shaped, fixed
position, line balancing: LB), LB steps - desired output rate, cycle time, TM, idle time, &
efficiency.
● Forecasting: concept, types, steps and elements of good forecast, forecasting techniques e.g.
simple & weighted moving averages, linear regression, and exponential smoothing.
● Forecasting: accuracy tests– MAD / MSE / MAPE and TS (tracking signal)
● Operations Scheduling (OS): objectives, functions, & types, OS methods- index, critical path, and
critical ratio (FCFS, SPT & EDD), Johnson’s rule, etc.
● Supply Chain management (SCM): concept, benefits, elements &integrated SCM,
international/global SCM, etc.
● Inventory Management inventory types, functions, factors, two and three bins methods, material
groupings, ROP, LT, EOQ and inventory costs (holding, ordering & shortage) calculations.
● Project Management (PM), JIT Strategy and Kanban System: project types and characteristics,
PM techniques - network, PERT & CPM, GANTT chart.
● JIT & Kanban concepts, benefits, JIT product & process design, Kanban origins, types, &
development, JIT & Kanban under kaizen.
● Procurement, Purchase and Logistics:
● History & strategic issues, co-ordination of manufacturing-purchasing-logistics; economic,
logistical & purchasing decisions & strategic tools; sourcing strategies and selection of suppliers,
supplier relationships and networks, organization’s control of the purchasing function &
innovation; sustainable logistics and purchasing; public procurement, etc.
● Quality Control and Total Quality Management (TQM): concepts, costs of poor quality-
Internal/external failure, appraisal, and prevention, dimensions of quality &TQM
principles/aspects/steps, and elements (customer satisfaction, continuous improvement &
employee involvement), and PDCA cycle
● TQM Experts: Deming’s philosophy, wheel&14-points, Juran’s quality trilogy & 5-dimensions,
P. Crosby’s 4-absolutes, and fish-bone model of Ishikawa