Introduction: General overview and purpose of DBMS, advantages, applications, common features and overall structure of the database.
Data modeling: Relational model: structure of relational model, key constraints, referential integrity constraints, general constraints, relational algebra – fundamental, additional and extended operations, aggregate functions, outer joins and database modification using RA.
ER model: entity and relationship sets, constraints – key, mapping cardinality and participation constraints, strong and weak entity sets, E-R diagram, class hierarchies, aggregation, conceptual database design with the ER model, converting ER to relational model,
Object-relational data model: complex data types, structured types and inheritance, implementing O-R features.
Relational database design: Features of good relational design, functional dependency theory - basic concept, uses, closure of a set of FDs, closure of attribute sets, canonical cover, algorithms for FDs, decomposition using FDs & its desirable properties, atomic domains and first normal form, BCNF and 3NF, multi-valued dependencies and fourth normal form, decomposition algorithms for different normal forms, database design process.
Database application development: Database Management Systems (DBMSs), SQL: data definition and data manipulation languages, integrity constraints, basic queries, nested and complex queries, modification of the database, Views: definition, update on views, cursors, Extending DBMS functionality: stored procedures, assertions and triggers, embedded and dynamic SQL, DBMS administration: DBA, users, privileges, security, performance, ODBC, JDBC, Web/Database architectures.
DBMS implementation technology: Storage and file structure: different storage types, file and record organization, data dictionary storage, Indexing and hashing: basic concepts, ordered indices, B+-tree index files, B-tree index files, static & dynamic hashing, comparison of ordered indexing & hashing.
Query processing: overview, measures of query costs, selection operation, sorting, join operation, other operations, evaluation of expressions. Query optimization: Introduction, transformation of relational expressions, evaluation plan.
Transaction processing: Transactions: concepts, ACID properties, transaction states, concurrent schedules, serializability - conflict and view serializability, recoverability, Concurrency control: lock-based concurrency control, two-phase locking, problems with locking, locking and starvation, deadlock – prevention, detection and recovery.
Introduction to modern database systems: object-relational databases, deductive databases, spatial databases, temporal databases, multimedia databases, mobile databases and advanced relational databases.